History

Question: Western Europeans rejoiced when the Greeks gained independence in 1830 because

A Europeans identified with the Greeks, since ancient Greece was viewed as the home of all Western civilization

B This was a check to growing Turkish power in the eastern Mediterranean

C The Greek prince Ypsilanti, who led the revolt, was a charismatic and popular figure

D Europeans saw this as the first step toward independence for all subject peoples throughout Europe

Question: The first successful steam-powered passenger railway in the history of the world opened in 1830 and connected

A London and Manchester

B Manchester and Liverpool

C London and Edinburgh

D Liverpool and Edinburgh

Question: Gustave Flaubert’s novel Madame Bovary (1857) and Édouard Manet’s painting Olympia (1865) both explored

A Middle-class materialism

B Women’s sexuality

C Religious hypocrisy

D The lives of prostitutes

Question: In keeping with an intellectual countercurrent to industrialization, Sir Charles Barry rebuilt the British Houses of Parliament in the

A Classical style

B Baroque style

C Romanesque style

D Gothic style

Question: The new mass journalism of this period was characterized by

A An increase in sensational stories in newspapers and an emphasis on spreading information quickly

B A broadening of the literary scope of newspapers, to keep up with the expansion of commercial fiction

C A merging of political opinions in newspapers toward the center, an increased desire for “objectivity,” and the abandoning of specific liberal, conservative, or socialist points of view

D Increased prices to keep up with mounting wages and to boost profits for the new press barons

Question: The Reform Bill of 1832 was a political landmark because

A It gave representation to manufacturing cities in the north and set a precedent for the expansion of the percentage of eligible voters

B It granted a powerful voice to the numerically superior but materially poorer south

C Universal suffrage was given to all men over the age of twenty-five

D Women were granted the right to initiate divorce on grounds other than abandonment

Question: Bismarck sought to convince William I and the Junkers that a more powerful Germany could be built

A “By convincing Germans in Austria and elsewhere that we are all German brothers”

B Not “by speeches and majority decisions . . . but by iron and blood”

C By “continuing . . . the congress system so effectively pioneered by our Austrian brother Count Metternich”

D “By showing . . . a firm hand to our neighbors, . . . and a generous hand to our citizens”

Question: The founding of the Indian National Congress in 1885 represented

A A milestone in Indian self-government

B A direct and unprecedented challenge to Britain’s right to rule by educated Indian elites

C Yet another British increase in direct political control over the Indian subcontinent

D A liberalization of British policy toward Indian participation in colonial government

Question: In Great Britain, theorist Havelock Ellis (1859–1939) emerged as a practitioner of the new field of

A Sinology

B Political economy

C Sexology

D Sociology

Question: After a brief war in 1898, Spain lost Cuba, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines to

A Mexico

B The United States

C Great Britain

D France

Question: The ideology that argued for the restoration of social and religious hierarchies was

A Socialism

B Conservatism

C Liberalism

D Utilitarianism

Question: Violent attacks against Jews in Russia that were condoned by officials were known as

A Pomidors

B Prostudas

C Pogroms

D Podaroks

Question: In exchange for French help in driving Austria out of Italy, Cavour offered Napoleon III

A Unchallenged French occupation of Rome

B Piedmont-Sardinia’s support of French claims in the Balkans

C Savoy and the city of Nice

D Sardinia

Question: In the late nineteenth century, industrialization tended to be capital intensive, which means that

A Industries tended to mass themselves around capital cities

B Companies were expected to produce high returns for their investors

C Large amounts of money were needed to buy expensive machinery and equipment

D A handful of private banks made loans to the most profitable new industries

Question: One example of Metternich’s campaign of repression within the states of the German Confederation was the institution of the

A Enabling Law

B Act of Supremacy

C Burschenschaften

D Carlsbad Decrees

Question: The main difference between colonialism and imperialism was that

A Peoples subject to imperialism developed an articulate and organized opposition; colonized peoples seldom coordinated opposition

B Unlike colonialism, imperialism was a more aggressive, directly exploitative form of political domination

C Colonialism typically involved settlers dependent on slave labor, whereas imperialism involved more indirect forms of economic exploitation and political domination

D Unlike the European greed motivating colonialism, imperialism focused on exerting cultural rather than economic hegemony

Question: In the 1890s, Italy joined the race for imperial acquisitions and sent an army to conquer

A Ethiopia, only to be soundly defeated

B Argentina, successfully establishing Italian control over Buenos Aires

C Ethiopia, defeating the Ethiopian army at the battle of Adowa

D The Sudan, which was, however, claimed by the British

Question: The candidate who won the first presidential election after the French Revolution of 1848 was

A Alphonse de Lamartine

B The marquis de Lafayette

C Louis Blanc